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Since the introduction of the conservation legislation in 1996, benefits to the local communities have greatly increased. The profits have also been used for purchasing equipment such as ambulances, while other funds are allocated to individuals as a payment for being a member of the conservancies. For example, the Torra Conservancy contributed $2,000 for school renovations, including buying a new photocopier. The money can be used for projects such as building schools, daycare facilities or clinics. Profits from the conservancies are pooled together and used for the benefit of the community. The term "Forest Resources" refer to natural resources such as trees, fruits, shrubs, herbs, grasses and animals. The term "forest" can include woodlands, grazing areas, farms, settlements, roads and rivers. The Community Forest Act focuses on the management of all types of natural vegetation. In 2004, 13 communities signed the first community forest agreement with the Minister of the MET. This act allows local communities to obtain forest management rights from the Ministry of the Environment and Tourism. Community forests In 2001, the government of Namibia approved the Forest Act No. Alternative materials for craft making are also explored. NACSO partners provide support in terms of craft development, quality improvement and marketing. Crafts are mainly manufactured from natural resources, and these need to be used sustainably if the industry is to continue to grow. Sale of crafts Production and sale of local crafts creates income for local residents, especially women.
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Conservancies that are home to wildlife can earn income by allowing tourists to pay for hunting privileges or photo tourism. Communities seeking to allow trophy hunting must apply at the same time to be registered as a hunting farm. Since it takes a great deal of capital to build lodges, conservancies can generate capital by entering in partnerships with private investors. Safari and trophy hunting Conservancies can develop safari lodges for tourists to visit. Staying at campsites is an accessible and affordable way for tourists to lodge in Namibia. Community campsites There are several community owned campsites that provide revenue for the communities that operate them. They are conserving Namibia’s cultural heritage while being a source of employment and revenue for the local population. Traditional villages These villages attract tourists by displaying their traditional traditions for outsiders. The conservancies in Namibia consist of various types, including the following: Any funds that the community receives through their conservancy must be distributed to the local community. Their plans must also be discussed with communities that surround their boundaries. Requirements for the conservancy application include a list of local area people who are community members, a declaration of their goals and objectives, and a map of their geographic boundaries. Communities that wish to apply to become a conservancy must apply through the Minister of Environment and Tourism office.
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The conservancies stress the importance of local community control, but do not place any pressure on becoming a member.
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The third phase also puts an emphasis on community training for business and trade skills. USAID began its third phase of CBNRM program in 2005, which includes expanding community management to include forest, fisheries and grazing land. As of 2006, there are 44 communal conservancies in operation, in which the members are responsible for protecting their own resources sustainably, particularly the wildlife populations for game hunting and ecotourism revenues. The legislation allowed local communities to create conservancies that managed and benefited from wildlife on communal land while allowing the local community to work with private companies to create and manage their own tourism market. In 1996, the Government of Namibia introduced legislation giving communities the power to create their own conservancies. The main goal of this project is to promote sustainable natural resource management by giving local communities rights to wildlife management and tourism. The Ministry of Environment and Tourism with the financial support of organizations such as USAID, Endangered Wildlife Trust, WWF, and Canadian Ambassador’s Fund, together formed a Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) support structure. In 1993, the newly formed government of Namibia received funding from the United States Agency of International Development (USAID) through its Living in a Finite Environment (LIFE) Project.